Now since man is naturally inclined to avoid pain — and since labor is pain in itself — it follows that man will resort to plunder whenever plunder is easier than work. History shows this quite clearly. And under these conditions, neither religion nor morality can stop it.
- 19th century French philosopher-economist Claude-Frederic Bastiat, Liberty’s Greatest Advocate
If we were to compare the development of democracy in the Philippines to that of a person’s development, we could say that we are in the late stages of our adolescence, almost ready to become a young adult. Our nation is maturing, especially in the area of fiscal responsibility. More and more people are checking on how well our public officers are managing the people’s money. We are taking action against public officers who are involved in graft and corruption. I believe that former President Joseph Estrada Ejercito’s plunder conviction is a big statement in our country’s stand against graft and corruption. It sends out a strong message to all our public officials (anyone who works for the government by appointment, election, or work contract) that graft and corruption will no longer be tolerated in the Philippines.
We are beginning to realize that a developing country like the Philippines cannot afford to waste any money. Especially if it’s money that goes into the pockets of public officers who think they can get away with keeping some of the people’s money for themselves.
The government’s money is the people’s money!
In former President Joseph Ejercito Estrada’s State of the Nation Address in 2000, he said that that the World Bank estimates that at least 20 percent of government project funds ends up as kickbacks. This means P2 out of every P10 that we give to our government is wasted because our “public servants” pocket the people’s money.
P2 out of every P10 is small change. It’s like saying we that we asked our katulong (housemaid) to buy suka at the sari-sari store (convenience store). The price of the suka is only P8 but our katulong said it’s P10. It’s small change so we let it go. Then we asked her to buy detergent. She said it’s P100 when in fact it’s only P80. She obviously pocketed the P20. Later that week, we asked her to buy a sack of rice, and she charged us P1,000 when she only bought it for P800. As the numbers get bigger, we feel the burden of the kickback.
P2 out of every P10 is no-joke when we think in terms of millions and billions of pesos. To give an example, let’s say that the World Bank’s study that 20% goes to corruption applies to the Senate and the Congress: A senator gets P200 million a year and a congressman gets P70 million a year in pork barrel funds. 20% of this is P40 million a year per senator and P14 million a year per congressman. Times this by 24 senators and by 237 congressmen and the taxpayers lose P4.278 billion a year. This amount is almost equivalent to the 2007 budget of the Department of Labor and Employment. This money can also be used to build computer labs in over 3,500 public schools.
P2 out of every P10 is big money. We know this now. Just like a young adult who begins to realize the value of money as he learns from his overspending and wastefulness, the Filipino citizenry is coming of age and we are beginning to take punitive action against dishonest public officers who are wasting our money.
The Soft Launch Party: The Midterm Elections 2007
We began our crusade against graft and corruption with a soft-launch party. And what a party it was! It was the midterm elections of 2007. If we take a closer look at the results, we will see that majority of the Filipino people are maturing in one or more of the following ways:
1. We, the people, will support public officials who champion the fight against graft and corruption. Sen. Escudero and Sen. Trillanes were two of the biggest surprise winners in the elections. Sen. Escudero’s claim to fame was that he asked for the truth about Pres Arroyo’s alleged involvement in fraud in the 2004 presidential elections. On the other hand, Sen Trillanes led 321 armed soldiers to stage a protest/mutiny (not a coup d’etat!) in 2003 against graft and corruption in the military and the government*.
2. We, the people, need public officials who are not only popular and personable. We need public officials who are principled, effective and highly-qualified. We have a long list of candidates who thought they could bank on their popularity and money to win the elections. The voters proved them wrong.
3. We, the people, are not in favor of public officials who will push for more taxes on the working class. Ayusin niyo na muna ang sistema niyo ng pangongolekta ng buwis at ang sistema niyo ng pag-gastos ng pera ng taong-bayan bago niyo kami patawan na naman ng mga bagong buwis tulad ng E-VAT. (Fix your system of collecting taxes and streamline your system of allocating and using public funds before you demand more taxes from us). In the special post-election issue of Newsbreak, Ralph Recto admits that he lost because he was highly criticized for being the author of the E-VAT law.** Whether or not the criticism on Recto was fair or not, the fact remains that the Filipino people found it hard to vote for someone who enacted a law that would require them to give their hard-earned money to a government that has a reputation for being corrupt.
The Grand Opening: The Plunder Conviction
After our successful soft-launching, we follow-up our crusade with a Grand Opening. The highlight of which is the plunder conviction of former-president Joseph Ejercito Estrada. This decision by our justice system sends out a strong message. And the message is this: If all the king’s horses and all the king’s men couldn’t save the former president from being sentenced to life imprisonment, then what protection does a corrupt senator have? A corrupt congressman? A corrupt governor? A corrupt mayor? A corrupt clerk? Nothing!!! You don’t have any protection whatsoever. The law will catch up with you. It’s only a matter of time.
Counting on our Lawmakers
As of writing, GMA News reports that the Plunder Law has certain loopholes and that the government can only seize 25% of the P4.1 billion in question. Why? Because the prosecutors were only able to prove that P1 billion was ill-gotten wealth. And so the P3 billion remains with Estrada’s family. Is it just me or is there something terribly wrong with this set-up? Shouldn’t the accused public officer be the one to prove that his money was amassed by rightful means and not the other way around? In the spirit of transparency, I think that whatever money or property that can’t be explained by rightful means should automatically be declared ill-gotten and should be seized by the government. In line with this, I think it’s high time that we revisit our country’s Law on Secrecy of Bank Deposits which makes it illegal for banks to disclose the details of an individual’s or company’s account to any person or agency of government, central or local. Maybe we can make our bank secrecy laws more similar to the US’s Bank Secrecy Act which requires banks and other financial institutions to detect and prevent money laundering, tax evasion, or other criminal activities. In the US, financial institutions are actually required to report suspicious financial activity to the government.
As we push for greater fiscal responsibility in our government, we find that the road ahead will be a challenging one. First of all, we ask ourselves, How can we expect the government to make effective and strict laws against grafters and corruptors when they know that they might be prosecuted under the laws they propose and enact? It’s common knowledge that Estrada was one of the main proponents of the Plunder Law in 1994 when he was still a senator.
At any rate, we continue to hope and believe that our lawmakers will live up to their oath to consecrate themselves to the service of the nation. And that they will truly review and revise our laws so that we can truly put an end to the squandering of the Filipino people’s money caused by graft and corruption. I am certain that our highly qualified lawmakers and their staff will come up with brilliant proposals for change and solutions to our problems.
For those of us who only have newspapers and the Internet as our primary sources of information, I would like to refer you to the following articles:
1. Nelson Nogot Moratalla’s Graft and Corruption: The Philippine Experience. Published in the Resource Material Series No. 56 by the United Nations Asia and Far East Institute for the Prevention of Crime and the Treatment of Offenders. Tokyo, Japan. 1999.
2. World Bank’s Combating Corruption in the Philippines. May 3, 2000.
3. World Bank’s Combating Corruption in the Philippines: An Update. September 30, 2001
4. Sandiganbayan Justice Manuel Pamaran’s Fighting Graft & Corruption Effectively. Manila Bulletin. April 13, 2005.
The Beginning of the End
Our democracy is a work-in-progress. It is clear to anyone who knows a little bit about management that fiscal responsibility in the government is definitely a cornerstone in our success as a nation. And we are all beginning to realize this. We show it in our actions whenever we are asked to choose our leaders. We show it in our reactions, when our dishonest public officers are punished for amassing ill-gotten wealth. Finally, may we show it in our pro-actions as we demand that our congressmen and senators review and upgrade the laws that relate to the prevention and punishment of graft and corruption in the Philippine government.
=====
References:
* Mutiny in Manila. Naomi Klein. The Nation. Volume: 277. Issue: 6. September 1, 2003. The Nation Company. USA. 2003
**Big Losers. Carmela Fonbuena. Newsbreak. July-September 2007. Public Trust Media Group Inc. 2007






26 Responses to “The Beginning of the End of Graft and Corruption (Thoughts on the Plunder Conviction of former President Joseph Ejercito Estrada)”
nice blog pare… hope to hear from you soon
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Hi Lester
Claude-Frederic Bastiat theory is disadvantaged by history’s progress. A lot of changes since his time have transpired to challenge his philosophy, the advances in information technology for one — bad news travels so much faster nowadays. Also, the values and ethics of society have adjusted to the pace and style of modern technology, of travel, attire and abode.
Government money is people’s money, a fact that so many of the general public has forgotten, the taxes and fees extracted from the people. (“The art of taxation consists in so plucking the geese as to obtain the largest possible amount of feathers with the smallest possible amount of hissing.†– Jean Baptiste Colbert, French statesman, 17th century)
Graft, the malversation of public funds, has progressed (deteriorated) from the 20% of Joseph Estrada’s (Erap) era to 40% today. Worse, graft is a one-sided view of corruption, the other side of the coin being private sector participation, regardless of whether self-initiated bribe, or coerced extortion. The corruption rate would plummet if citizens stop bribing and resist red-tape.
The election victories of Escudero, Trillanes and the opposition candidates can be regarded as a message of disapproval by the electorate to the governance of Gloria M. Arroyo aka Ate Glue. This should not be viewed as an endorsement of candidates’ qualities.
As to the Plunder conviction of Erap, first of all, he is not my kind of leader so I did not vote for him. Signing as Jose Velarde proved his deceit and dishonesty, and I dismiss his protestation of having a clear conscience as simply a case of poor memory. I believe the sentence is deserved. I also believe that anyone who lies, cheats and steals is dishonest and should be removed from office.
It was once theorized that two factors which deter crime is swift retribution for the wrongdoer and capital punishment for the heinous. We never had the first factor, and the second was abolished (to placate the Bishops) by a smug Ate Glue in orchestration with a compliant Congress. The loot of plunder would be meaningless if the fruit cannot be enjoyed by a lifeless plunderer. Such is the keen vision of Ate Glue to ensure long life even after retribution comes to pass, as she well knows will come.
The hope and belief that our lawmakers will live up to their oath to consecrate themselves to the service of the nation is frivolous. Beneficial laws that pass Congress are mere incidentals to the primary objective of promoting the authoring Congressman’s career.
Note that the Iron law of Oligarchy a political theory developed by sociologist Robert Michels in 1911 which states that all forms of organization, regardless of how democratic or autocratic they may be at the start, will eventually and inevitably develop into oligarchies. A political dynasty is an example of an oligarchy amply featured in Congress. So, it would perhaps not be wise to hold one’s breathe while hoping that our lawmakers morph.
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it was really momentous indeed that ERAP was found guilty. I don’t subscribe to the acquittal scenario painted by detractors or those who are always against GMA since it surely smack of glossing over facts. I just hope that this will be the start and plug the loopholes in the plunder law.
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Erap’s Gulity verdict is indeed a momentous event in our history. Imagine, a former president guilty of plunder (pandarambong is a better word). But then again, looking at the events, I can say that Erap’s guilty verdict is not a result of true justice. It is a politicized justice, it is a victor’s justice. What if Erap supported GMA last presidential elections and he coneded to GMA. Then the event last Wednesday would be different. Lahat ng kakampi ni Gloria ay hindi makukulong. Hindi makukulong si Ramos, hindi makukulong si Chavit at I am sure that Gloria do not want to be imprisoned. The guilty verdict on Estrada proved that she will not be exempted in the future from being imprisoned.
Matutuwa ako kung magiging guilty rin ang mga alipores ni Gloria at hindi lang tulad nina Joey Marquez ang mapaparusahan.
On the positive note: lets be happy for Estrada’s guilty verdict. Tandaan natin mahaba pa ang politico-drama na ito.
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you’re right, our democracy is still a work in progress and as far as the people’s minds are concerned, it is making good progress.
the thing is, it will never be complete nor fully realized until the support systems (i.e., our constitution and government structure) are properly assimilated into this development as well. sadly, this is where the weight of the problem is and majority of our people are quite uneducated about it. *sigh*
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Hi Lester,
IMELDA MARCOS was also once convicted of graft and corruption by the Sandiganbayan Court. But in that case, the verdict was REVERSED on appeal to the Supreme Court. So don’t hold your breath on Erap’s conviction for plunder until it is final and executory. It is premature to be celebrating now since the Sandiganbayan is of the same rank as a Court of First Instance.
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Hi Lester,
Thanks for dropping by my blog. I agree that the Estrada guilty verdict is positive news for those who want good governance. But the job is yet to be completed and I believe it is a herculean job. We have to confront a system that is itself corrupt and breeds corruption. There seems to be no end in sight right now in trying to hold Arroyo accountable on the many scandals that have hit her presidency, which cumulatively surpass the bad record of Estrada.
Arroyo’s continued sabotage of moves towards transparent and good governance (for instance, the renewed misuse of “executive privilege” by Arroyo cabinet members to stay away from Senate investigations) could partly explain why the Estrada guilty verdict was not greeted by streetdancing and fiestas.
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Dear Arjie,
Thanks for the compliment. I appreciate it. See you in filipino.net
Cheers,
Lester
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Dear Neonate,
I think you hold the record for the longest comment in my weblog. I was impressed by your views and I agree with you on many of them. But I’ll argue with you for argument’s sake
With regard to the quote from Bastiat, it was merely meant to be an appetizer for the contents of my entry but I guess it’s a good starting point for argument. It’s true that his was a time long gone. But a lot of the ideals of democracy were popularized during his time. Also, when you said that “the values and ethics of society have adjusted to the pace and style of modern technology, of travel, attire and abode.” - I really hope you’re right. In fact, I want you to be so darn right. A close look at our government and our society reveals that some things never change.
I used the 20% figure because it is the last figure I heard from a credible source. Maybe you’re right in saying that it’s already up to 40%, maybe even higher. (For goodness’ sake, I hope not)
I have to disagree that the only reason why the people voted for Sen Escudero and Sen Trillanes is because they were in the opposition ticket. If we study the affiliations and the qualifications of these two senators, we will see that their track records are almost beyond reproach and I still maintain that this is the reason why the people voted for them.
To tell you the truth, I voted for former President Estrada in 1998. He was really good at connecting with the masses and the masses believed that he was someone who would promote their interests and protect their welfare. Alas, he listened more to his friends who had vested interests. And so I had to join the millions of disenchanted Filipinos who asked for his resignation in EDSA2.
Yes it may not be so wise to hope that our lawmakers will put the nation before themselves. But perhaps you are talking about the traditional politicians. I understand what you mean that there is no point in believing that they will change. I’ve had many conversations like this whenever I’m in a cab with a politics-aficionado cab driver. And I know that you want to see results before you start believing that the change can happen. However, therein lies the problem - during trying times, we must first believe before we can see the results. Call me an optimist if you like, but the “times, they are a-changin.”
Thanks again for your insightful comments. Mabuhay ka kapatid!
Hanggang sa muli,
Lester
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Dear Estan,
We share the same views. Let’s spread the good news!
Cheers,
Lester
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Dear Ismael Ahab,
Haha.. Mas gusto ko yung “pandarambong”. Ang lutong pakinggan e.
Like you said, the guilty verdict on Estrada proved that anyone who is guilty of graft and corruption will not be exempted in the future from being imprisoned. Amen!
Ingat!
Lester
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all i can is that why only him , marami pa diyan.
ang ninakaw ni erap pera ng jueteng hindi pera ng bayan.
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hi lester’
as i keep saying, erap isnt the only one who’s cheated. just like in school where most of the students cheat, it’s the one who get caught who’s meted with a punishment. erap did his cheating, like signing his name as jose velarde two feet away from a bank officer, and that’s a poor cheat. he isnt the only one, but our justice system is slow, and so we have to wait till all of the mandarambongs are caught, if at all.
it’s very depressing because now erap is being offered amnesty. he has even been offered to choose where to be incarcerated. the judge offered erap to stay in his tanay resthouse if he so chose. aba, ang galing, di ba? and erap was ready to go to the national bilibid prison in muntinlupa!
i don’t know anymore. the philippines is so corrupt, but i love my country. i cant think of living anywhere but here. i hope and pray that our next generation will see a better philippines!
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Great info. I’ve seen this at filipino.net
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i think we should put up a list, on who should be next in line for plunder cases, mike arroyo, jdv, would be in the top of my list
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Dear ris,
I would have to agree with you. Lack of support systems is the crux of the problem and one of the most effective ways to address this issue is proper education.
Regards,
Lester
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Hi DJB RIZALIST,
Interesting nick… Anyway, I think we should celebrate and claim it as a victory. If the people rejoice now, it will be more difficult for the higher courts to take it away from us. To use a a very simple analogy, if someone gave you a gift and you expressed your happiness and gratitude about it, it’ll be harder for the giver to take it back. So let’s not hold ourselves back, let’s celebrate and thank the courts for their “brave decision.” Let’s claim it. It’s ours!
Cheers
Lester
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Hi tonyo,
Yes it’s true, the struggle is not yet over. But that doesn’t mean we can’t celebrate our victorious battles. Someday soon, we will have good governance. It’s our destiny!
Regards,
Lester
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Dear blogtech,
Marami pa nga diyan, pero dapat tayong matuwa at nagsimula tayo sa napalaking isda. Nawa’y nakapagbigay ang nangyaring ito ng malinaw na mensahe sa lahat ng mga maliliit na isda.
Ingat
Lester
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Hi Ma,
I love my country too. I hope someday I can settle for good in the Philippines and be with you, Dad, Lindsay Joy, and all my family and friends.
Let’s continue to pray for a better Philippines!
Love you!
Ley
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Dear Xa,
Thanks for the compliment.
Cheers
Lester
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Dear jovy,
I hope that after coming up with the list, we would have brilliant lawyers and fair judges who will prosecute these grafters and corruptors.
Sincerely,
Lester
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From the beginning, I did not think that Mr. Joseph Estrada was appropriate (and capable of) to the position of Phil President. I thought he was really joking. Having support of the masses doesn’t make one a good president. Sometimes, I believe the masses are wrong and become “dictatorship” itself. Anyway, so much about the past but my point is that “why Mr. Estrada was easily caught on graft” is because he is not as smart as the “Marcoses” for example. In other words, he thought everything is a joke. How can somebody do a corrupt dealings in transparency? Well, I am really happy that he was convicted. My problem is conviction is not enough, the plunder should be returned and the damaged should be paid!
As for the others mentioned as corrupt people at present, I doubt whether they’ll be caught. They are smart people. And just as in many poor countries (Phils is not poor compared to many), politicians see the opportunity to get rich when they get elected to a government office. The ideals of “being a public servant” is rarely uphold. As you said: it is a challenge, a misguided leader will not agree to pass a law that will work against him/her in the end.
Of course, I believe that there is hope! And best way to go is to improve our institutions (your good e.g. mechanism to detect money laundering and any suspicious financial activity, ie. within, coming and going, should be reported!) And, most of all, elect leaders with highest integrity and of good moral values, and with brain, of course!
Keep up the good work!
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Thanks Peacemaker! I truly enjoyed reading your comments as you delved into the finer points of what I was trying to say. With regard to corrupt officials, judgment day will come for them when the children of the light rise to power and cripple them. I hope that’s not too violent for you my peace-loving friend
Cheers
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[...] THE TRUTH SHAL SET US ALL FREE, naniniwala po ako na lahat ng nagwwaldas ng pera ng Pilinas ay may katapusa, at nararamdaman ko po na malapit na, muntik na nga e. [...]
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hi lester, can we be friends? i love reading ur blogs and i want to put a comment cause u know, i love to see other comments to. reactions on what they think is right can i get ur ym thanx
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Feel free to express your self